Antibiotic Drugs

Gentamicin sulfate is administered by IM injection or IV infusion. The drug also has been administered without preservatives intrathecally or intraventricularly to supplement IM or IV administration in the treatment of CNS infections.

Macrolides are a class of drugs that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. They demonstrate excellent activity against atypical organisms (Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, and Legionella species), but have variable activity against typical pathogens (S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae). Macrolides are indicated for use in mild-to-moderate community-acquired pneumonia and are typically used as first- and second-line agents for this indication.

The widespread use of tetracyclines has resulted in a steady increase in the prevalence of resistance to these agents. Therefore, empiric use of tetracycline is usually restricted to regions where resistance levels remain low or to cases where other appropriate antibiotics are contraindicated. Although some tetracyclines have very low activity against S. pneumoniae, doxycycline maintains good antipneumococcal activity and is the tetracycline most commonly used for treatment of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia.

The name of your medicine is Acnamino MR 100mg Capsules (referred to as Acnamino MR throughout this leaflet). The active ingredient in your medicine is minocycline. Minocycline is one of a group of antibiotics called Tetracyclines.

our medicine contains the active substance amoxicillin (as amoxicillin sodium), which is one of a group of medicines called “penicillins”. These medicines are also known as “antibiotics” and they work by killing the bacteria that cause infections.

Mafenide has a broad bacteriostatic action and is effective against both gram- negative and gram-positive bacteria. Its mechanism of action is not known, but is different from that of the sulfonamides.

Sparfloxacin is expected to be especially useful against penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae and multidrug-resistant H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis. Rhone-Poulenc Rorer is also studying the use of sparfloxacin for acute maxillary sinusitis, skin infection, and complicated urinary tract infection. In clinical trials, sparfloxacin (Zagam) was comparable to erythromycin and cefaclor for clearing community-acquired pneumonia.

Tuberculosis, once thought to be a disease virtually eliminated in the first world has become a major health concern. Health care workers, the immunosuppressed, and HIV-positive people are particularly at risk. The rising rate of infection with M. tuberculosis along with the increase in antibiotic-resistant strains has made the development of new antibiotics for the treatment of tuberculosis of major importance for public health. Rifapentine (Priften, Hoechst Marion Roussel), a member of the rifamycin class of antibiotics, was approved in June, 1998 for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Antibiotics are often an essential component of the therapeutic plan that is developed to improve the clinical course of a patient. Typically, certain antibiotics are better for a given clinical condition. Allergies to these antibiotics, however, may limit the use of these antibiotics and in certain cases may complicate the course of optimal care. Allergies to antibiotics have become an great hindrance to the clinician.

Carbapenem antibiotics were first discovered in the 1970s. The first and only marketed agent in this class was Primaxin, a combination product containing imipenem and the human renal dihyropeptidase-I (DHP-I) antagonist cilastatin.