While flucytosine may be effective when used alone for the treatment of some fungal infections (e.g., candidal cystitis, chromomycosis), the drug should not be used alone in the treatment of severe, life-threatening infections. In the treatment of serious candidal or cryptococcal infections, flucytosine generally has been used as an adjunct to IV amphotericin B or an azole antifungal agent (e.g., fluconazole, itraconazole). There is some evidence that combined use of flucytosine and amphotericin B may be associated with an increased risk of serious adverse effects, especially in immunocompromised patients including those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.