Antifungal drugs

Flucytosine is active against Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, Cladosporium spp., and Fonsecaea spp. Some Aspergillus spp. have also been reported to be sensitive.

Econazole is an imidazole antifungal used topically in the treatment of superficial candidiasis and in dermatophytosis and pityriasis versicolor.

Clotrimazole is an imidazole antifungal used topically in superficial candidiasis, and in the skin infections pityriasis versicolor and dermatophytosis (see Skin Infections). Clotrimazole may also be used occasionally for symptomatic relie of the protozoal infection trichomoniasis when other drugs are contra-indicated.

Ciclopirox is an antifungal that is applied topically in the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections, including cutaneous candidiasis, dermatophytosis, pityriasis versicolor (see Skin Infections), and seborrhoeic dermatitis.

Butoconazole is an imidazole antifungal used locally as the nitrate in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. It is given intravaginally as a 100-mg pessary or as 5 g of a 2% cream for 3 consecutive nights a single application of the cream has also been used.

Bifonazole is an imidazole antifungal with a broad spectrum of activity sensitive fungi include dermatophytes, Malassezia furfur, and Candida spp. It also has some antibacterial activity.

Anidulafungin is an echinocandin antifungal active against Aspergillus and Candida spp. It is used in the treatment of candidaemia, oesophageal candidiasis, and other forms of invasive candidiasis.

Amorolfine is a morpholine derivative with antifungal activity. It appears to act by interfering with the synthesis of sterols essential for the functioning of fungal cell membranes. Amorolfine is active in vitro against a wide variety of pathogenic and opportunistic fungi including dermato-phytes, Blastomyces ckrmatitidis, Candida spp., Histoplasma capsulatum, and Sporothrix schenckii. It also has variable activity against Aspergillus spp.

Amphotericin B is active against Absidia spp., Aspergillus spp., Basidiobolus spp., Blastomyces dermatitidis, Candida spp., Coccidioides immitis, Conidiobolus spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, Histoplasma capsulatum, Mucor spp., Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Rhizopus spp., Rhodotorula spp., and Sporothrix schenckii.

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