Cervicitis — Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis. Ectropion — hormonal changes with oral contraceptive use (especially with progesterone) or during pregnancy. True erosion — injury to atrophic epithelium due to estrogen deficiency in menopause.
Author: Brian Holtry
Cervicitis
Infectious cervicitis may be caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, ureaplasmas, Herpes simplex or Trichomonas vaginalis. Chronic cervicitis is characterized by inflammation of the cervix without an identified pathogen.
Cervical Dysplasia
Incidence/Prevalence in USA: Difficult to assess due to wide variability in false negative Papsmear reporting and uneven distribution of qualified colposcopy practitioners. Prevalence 3,600/100,000 at age 27-28. Predominant age: The median age for carcinoma in situ is 28 years. Earlier lesions can be expected at younger ages
Cellulitis Periorbital & Orbital
What Causes Disease? Cellulitis around the eye in adult: Staphylococcus aureus most common, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumonia, Mixed infection.
Cellulitis
An acute, spreading infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Several entities are recognized: Treat 10-30 days. Guided by culture results whenever possible.
Candidiasis Mucocutaneous
A mucocutaneous disorder caused by infection with various species of Candida. Candida is normally present, in very small amounts, in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. Genetics: Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome that usually presents in childhood and can have an autosomal recessive, dominant or sporadic mode of inheritance. Sera from HIV-infected patients with thrush have been screened for C. albicans genomic expression.
Candidiasis
Candida albicans and related species cause a variety of infections. Cutaneous candidiasis syndromes include erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica, folliculitis, balanitis, intertrigo paronychia, onychomycosis, diaper rash, perianal candidiasis, and the syndromes of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Mucous membrane infections include oral candidiasis (thrush), esophagitis, and vaginitis.
Brucellosis
Systemic bacterial infection caused by Brucella species in infected animal products, or vaccine. Incubation period usually 5-60 days, but highly variable and may be several months.
Bronchiolitis
Inflammation of the bronchioles, usually seen in young children, occasionally in high-risk adults. May be seasonal (winter and spring) and often occurs in epidemics.
Bronchiectasis
Conditions that may lead to bronchiectasis include severe pneumonia (especially measles, pertussis, adenoviral infections in children), necrotizing infections due to Klebsiella, staphylococci, influenza virus, fungi, mycobacteria, mycoplasma, bronchial obstruction from any cause (foreign body, carcinoma, enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes.