Osteomyelitis is an acute or chronic infection of the bone and its structures caused most commonly by bacteria and rarely by other microorganisms. This infection may be acquired either by hematogenous, contiguous, or direct inoculation such as trauma or surgery.
Inflammation of the bladder mucosa. This topic refers primarily to infectious cystitis. Other urinary tract infections are discussed elsewhere.
Sepsis. Description of Medical Condition. Medical Symptoms and Signs of Disease. What Causes Disease?
Corneal ulcers represent an infection of the cornea by bacteria, virus or fungi as a result of breakdown in the protective epithelial barrier. If left untreated, corneal ulcers can result in blindness. Ulcerations may be central or marginal.
An acute, bacterial infection of the lung parenchyma. Infection may be community-acquired or nosocomial (hospital acquired by an inpatient for at least 48 hours or inpatient in the previous 90 days). Most commonly, community-acquired disease is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae or Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Hospital-acquired pneumonia is usually due to gram negative rods (60%, such as Pseudomonas) or Staphylococcus (30%).
Endocarditis, infective. Diagnosis of Disease. Treatment (Medical Therapy). Medications (Drugs, Medicines). Patient Monitoring.
Invasion of joints by live microorganisms or their fragments. One of the few curable causes of arthritis. May allow early recognition of systemic infection/disease. Limit activity or splint the joint initially.
Ribavirin is indicated in the treatment of carefully selected hospitalized infants and young children with severe lower respiratory tract infections due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). In addition, ribavirin (600 to 1800 mg / day for 10 to 14 days) has shown effectiveness in acute and chronic hepatitis, herpes genitalis, measles, and Lassa fever. The antiviral mechanism of action of ribavirin relates to alteration of cellular nucleotide pools and inhibition of viral messenger RNA synthesis. Intracellular phosphorylation to the mono-, di-, and triphosphate derivatives is mediated by host cell enzymes.
Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, which inhibits replication of HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV). HIV infection: Epivir is used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV infection.
Terbinafine is an infective / antifungal agent that inhibits squalene epoxidase, resulting in ergosterol deficiency and a corresponding accumulation of squalene within the fungal cell leading to fungal cell death. It is indicated in the treatment of onychomycosis of the toenail or fingernail caused by dermatophytes.