A urinary tract infection is defined as the presence of microorganisms in the urine that cannot be accounted for by contamination. The organisms have the potential to invade the tissues of the urinary tract and adjacent structures.
Tuberculosis: Clinical presentation, Diagnosis
Clinical Presentation of Tuberculosis: NON-HIV-Infected patients, HIV-Infected patients. Criteria for Tuberculin Positivity, by Risk Group. Evaluation of therapeutic outcomes and patient monitoring.
Treatment of Tuberculosis
Recommended Drug Regimens for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection. Drug Regimens for Culture-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Caused by Drug-Susceptible Organisms. Doses of Antituberculosis Drugs for Adults and Children. Tuberculous meningitis and Extrapulmonary disease.
Surgical Prophylaxis
The traditional classification system developed by the National Research Council stratifying surgical procedures by infection risk is reproduced in Table NRC Wound Classification, Risk of SSI, and Indication for Antibiotics. The National Research Council wound classification for a specific procedure is determined intraoperatively.
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Impetigo is a superficial skin infection that is seen most commonly in children. It is highly communicable and spreads through close contact. Most cases are caused by S. pyogenes, but S. aureus either alone or in combination with S. pyogenes has emerged as a principal cause of impetigo.
Trichomoniasis
The spectrum of sexually transmitted diseases includes the classic venereal diseases – gonorrhea, syphilis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, and granuloma inguinale – as well as a variety of other pathogens known to be spread by sexual contact (Table Sexually Transmitted Diseases). Common clinical syndromes associated with sexually transmitted diseases are listed in Table Selected Syndromes Associated with Common Sexually Transmitted Pathogens.
Gonorrhea. Clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment
All currently recommended regimens are single-dose treatments with various oral or parenteral cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Ceftriaxone (125 mg intramuscularly) is the only parenteral agent recommended by the Centers for Disease Control as a first-line agent for treatment of gonorrhea.
Syphilis: Primary, Secondary, Latent, Tertiary
Primary syphilis is characterized by the appearance of a chancre on cutaneous or mucocutaneous tissue. Chancres persist only for 1 to 8 weeks before spontaneously disappearing.
Chlamydia clinical presentation and diagnosis
Treatment of chlamydial infections with the recommended regimens is highly effective; therefore, posttreatment cultures are not routinely recommended. Infants with pneumonitis should receive follow-up testing, because erythromycin is only 80% effective.
Genital herpes: diagnosis, treatment
The term herpes is used to describe two distinct but antigenically related serotypes of herpes simplex virus. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (Herpes Simplex Virus-1) is most commonly associated with oropharyngeal disease; type 2 (Herpes Simplex Virus-2) is most closely associated with genital disease.