Antibiotic, Antifungal, Antiviral Drugs

The most frequent adverse reactions to tetracyclines are dose-related GI effects including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bulky loose stools, anorexia, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and epigastric burning and distress. Stomatitis, glossitis, dysphagia, sore throat, hoarseness, black hairy tongue, pancreatitis, and inflammatory lesions in the anogenital region with candidal overgrowth have also been reported occasionally.

Tetracyclines are used principally in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible Rickettsia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and a variety of uncommon gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.

Sulfisoxazole and its derivatives share the actions and uses of the sulfonamides. The relative solubility of the drug in alkaline and slightly acidic urine makes the drug particularly useful for the treatment of urinary tract infections. A combination product containing sulfisoxazole acetyl and erythromycin ethylsuccinate is commercially available for the treatment of acute otitis media caused by susceptible strains of Haemophilus influenzae in children and is usually active against ampicillin-resistant strains of the organism.

Check what you need to know about Azulfidine uses to treat your health problem. Learn how to take the drug so that you enjoy health benefits and avoid Azulfidine side effects.

Sulfamethizole shares the actions and uses of the other antibacterial sulfonamides. Sulfamethizole is used principally in the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by sulfonamide-susceptible organisms.

Sulfadiazine is administered orally. Patients should be instructed to drink one full glass (250 mL) of water with each dose of the drug and at frequent intervals throughout the day while they are receiving sulfadiazine. The usual adult dosage of sulfadiazine is 2-4 g initially, followed by 2-4 g daily administered in 3-6 equally divided doses.

Sulfonamides, synthetic derivatives of p-aminobenzenesulfonamide (sulfanilamide), are classified as anti-infectives if they possess antibacterial activity that is antagonized by p-aminobenzoic acid or p-aminobenzoyl glutamic acid.

Norfloxacin is administered orally. The drug should be given with a glass of water at least 1 hour before or at least 2 hours after a meal or ingestion of milk or other dairy products.

Lomefloxacin is used orally in adults for the treatment of mild to moderate lower respiratory tract infections (acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis) and uncomplicated or complicated urinary tract infections caused by susceptible organisms. The drug also is used orally for perioperative prophylaxis in patients undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy or transurethral surgical procedures.

Lomefloxacin hydrochloride is administered orally. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride may be administered without regard to meals. Food decreases the rate of GI absorption of the drug, but only decreases the extent of absorption by 12%. Dosage of lomefloxacin, which is available for oral use as the hydrochloride, is expressed in terms of lomefloxacin.